化疗加 pembrolizumab (派姆单抗) 提高晚期宫颈癌的生存率 (7/2/2023)
Pembrolizumab added to chemotherapy improves survival in advanced cervical cancer
方法: KEYNOTE-826是一项III期临床试验(NCT03635567),患有复发或转移性宫颈癌且既往未接受过全身化疗(允许之前进行放射增敏化疗)且不适合根治性治疗(手术或放疗)的成人, 按 1:1 随机分配至派姆单抗 200 毫克或安慰剂, 每3星期一次,最多 35 周期, , 加上化疗(紫杉醇 175 毫克/平方米 + 顺铂 50 毫克/平方米 或卡铂 AUC 5),± 贝伐珠单抗15 毫克/公斤。 根据诊断时的转移状态(是/否), 计划使用贝伐珠单抗(是/否)和 PD-L1 CPS(<1、1 至 <10 或≥10)对患者进行分层。 双重主要终点是总生存期和中位无进展生存期。
结果: 从2018年11月到2020年1月,617名患者被随机分配(派姆单抗 + 化疗,n = 308 [63.6% + 贝伐珠单抗];安慰剂 + 化疗,n = 309 [62.5% + 贝伐珠单抗]); 548 名 (88.8%) 患者的 PD-L1 CPS ≥1,317 名 (51.4%) 患者的 CPS ≥10。 截至 2022 年 10 月 3 日数据截止,中位随访时间为 39.1 个月。派姆单抗 + 化疗显著改善了 CPS ≥1, CPS ≥10 人群和所有人群的总生存期和中位无进展生存期。24个月的总生存率为个53.3% 相对于39.4%(HR 0.6, CPS ≥1), 54.43% 相对于42.5%(HR 0.58, CPS ≥10), 52.1% 相对于38.7%(HR 0.63, 所有人群)。无论是否使用贝伐珠单抗,都可以看到派姆单抗 + 化疗的益处。
治疗相关的副作用(≥3级)发生率在派姆单抗 + 化疗组中为 82.4%,在安慰剂 + 化疗组中为 75.4%。 最常见的≥3级治疗相关的副作用为贫血(30.3% 相对于 27.8%)、中性粒细胞减少症(12.4% 相对于 9.7%)和高血压(10.4% 相对于 11.7%)。
结论: 在化疗±贝伐珠单抗中添加派姆单抗可显著降低PD-L1 CPS ≥1人群的死亡风险40%,将所有人群的死亡风险降低37%,将CPS ≥10人群的死亡风险降低42%,可作为复发或转移性宫颈癌一线治疗。
Methods: KEYNOTE-826 is a phase III clinical trial (NCT03635567) in patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer who had not received prior systemic chemotherapy (previous radiosensitizing chemotherapy was allowed) and were not eligible for curative treatment (surgery or radiotherapy). They were randomized 1:1 to pembrolizumab 200 mg or placebo every 3 weeks for up to 35 cycles, plus chemotherapy (paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 + cisplatin 50 mg/m2 or carboplatin AUC 5), ± bevacizumab 15 mg/kg. Patients were stratified by bevacizumab (yes/no) and PD-L1 CPS (<1, 1 to <10, or ≥10) based on metastatic status at diagnosis (yes/no). The dual primary endpoints were overall survival and median progression-free survival.
Results: From November 2018 to January 2020, 617 patients were randomly assigned (pembrolizumab + chemotherapy, n = 308 [63.6% with bevacizumab]; placebo + chemotherapy, n = 309 [ 62.5% with bevacizumab]); 548 (88.8%) patients had PD-L1 CPS ≥1 and 317 (51.4%) patients had CPS ≥10. As of data cutoff on October 3, 2022, median follow-up was 39.1 months. Pembrolizumab + chemotherapy significantly improved overall survival and median progression-free survival in the CPS ≥1, CPS ≥10, and all populations. The overall survival rate at 24 months was 53.3% vs 39.4% (HR 0.6, CPS ≥1), 54.43% vs 42.5% (HR 0.58, CPS ≥10), 52.1% vs 38.7% (HR 0.63, all crowd). The benefit of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy was seen with or without bevacizumab.
Treatment-related side effects (grade ≥3) occurred in 82.4% of the pembrolizumab + chemotherapy arm and 75.4% of the placebo + chemotherapy arm. The most common grade ≥3 treatment-related side effects were anemia (30.3% vs 27.8%), neutropenia (12.4% vs 9.7%), and hypertension (10.4% vs 11.7%).
Conclusions: The addition of pembrolizumab to chemotherapy ± bevacizumab significantly reduced the risk of death in those with PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1 by 40%, in those with CPS ≥ 10 by 42%, and in all groups by 37%, The combination regime can be considered as first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer.
参考文献 Reference
Monk BJ et al. 2023 ASCO; abstr 5500
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转移性宫颈癌可能完全缓解:过继性T细胞免疫疗法
转移性宫颈癌预后极差。最近JCO报道了以美国国家癌症中心的Stevanovic为通讯作者的一项新治疗方法,9位病人中有两个取得完全缓解。这些病人有几处转移灶,都是复发或化疗失败者。她们首先接受淋巴细胞消融治疗,包括环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide)和氟达拉滨(fludarabine),然后接受一次性的以人类乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)为靶向的过继性T淋巴细胞,和每8小时的aldesleukin注射(不大于15次)。特异性的T细胞的选择简要如下:这些病人的肿瘤都表达HPV的肿瘤蛋白,她们的肿瘤组织在体外培养,其中T细胞在含淋巴因子-2的培养液里扩增,并测试对HPV-16或HPV-18,E6,E7的活性,具有活性的T细胞作进一步增殖。那些具有对肿瘤蛋白活性,增殖快,含高纯度T细胞和高比例CD8阳性T细胞的培养液回输给病人。
共有9位妇女参加该项临床试验,平均年龄为37岁。肿瘤为鳞癌(4人),腺癌(3人)和腺鳞癌(2人)。平均每人接受80×109T细胞(33-152×109)。两個病人取得完全缓解,她们分别已达到15和22個月;另有一位取得部分缓解,持续3個月。T细胞对HPV的活性似乎与临床疗效平行,三個取得以上疗效的病人接受的活性T细胞的比例也是所有病人中最高的。 这是十分小规模的试验,不能作一個普遍的结论,但在個性化治疗方面迈了一大步。
参考文献 J Clin Onc 2015: March 30.